PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.